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| High priority invasive plant species for early detection in the Golden Gate National Recreation Area (GGNRA). High priority species are typically not widespread in GGNRA and/or are feasible to control in many places. | ||||||
| 111 PLANTS |
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Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood acacia
• invasive non-native
Tree 
© 2022 Julian Geoghegan 
© 2019 Julian Geoghegan 
© 2023 Jennifer Mo |
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Acacia paradoxa Kangaroo thorn
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2022 Rocky Bajada 
© 2022 Katherine Stratton 
© 2022 Katherine Stratton |
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Aegilops triuncialis Barbed goatgrass
• invasive non-native
Annual grass 
© 2008 Steve Matson 
© 2008 Steve Matson 
© 2018 Scott Oneto |
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Ageratina adenophora Sticky snakeroot, Thoroughwort
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2019 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2017 Keir Morse 
© 2019 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Agrostis avenacea Pacific bentgrass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2021 John Rawlings 
© 2016 Andrew Longman 
© 2022 Donald Burk |
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Ailanthus altissima Ailanthus, Tree of heaven
• invasive non-native
Tree 
© 2022 Jenny Gossett 
© 2022 Jenny Gossett 
© 2020 Julie A. Kierstead |
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Albizia lophantha Albizia, Plume acacia, Stink bean
non-native
Tree, Shrub 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Allium vineale Vineyard onion, Wild garlic
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb (bulb) 
© 2017 dave hood 
© 2022 Emily R. Allen 
© 2017 dave hood |
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Ammophila arenaria Beachgrass, European beach grass, European beachgrass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2016 Steve Matson 
© 2016 Steve Matson 
© 2016 Steve Matson |
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Ammophila breviligulata American beach grass, American beachgrass
non-native
Perennial grass  © 2014 Trent M. Draper  © 2014 Trent M. Draper  © 2014 Trent M. Draper |
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Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet vernal grass, Sweet vernalgrass
• invasive non-native
Annual, Perennial grass 
© 2017 Steve Matson 
© 2017 Steve Matson 
© 2017 Steve Matson |
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Aptenia cordifolia Baby sun rose, Dew plant
non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Arctotheca calendula Cape weed
• invasive non-native
Annual, Perennial herb 
© 2021 Patrick Hoffman 
© 2023 Nancy Poss 
© 2016 Andrea Pickart |
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Arctotheca prostrata prostrate cape weed, creeping capeweed
• invasive non-native
Annual, Perennial herb 
© 2024 David Wolfson 
© 2020 Lenihan Mazur 
© 2021 David Wolfson |
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Arundo donax Giant reed
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2013 Miriam Sachs Martin 
© 2020 Jennifer Mo 
© 2018 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Berberis darwinii Darwin's berberis
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2018 Abbot Chambers 
© 2016 Greg O'Connell 
© 2022 David Strauch |
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Brachypodium sylvaticum Slender false brome
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2018 Ecological Concerns Inc 
© 2021 SMCP NRM Intern 
© 2020 John Rawlings |
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Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens Red brome
• invasive non-native
Annual grass 
© 2015 Chris Jaster 
© 2015 jamie smith 
© 2018 Gary McDonald |
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Bromus tectorum Cheatgrass, downy brome, Downy brome grass, Downy chess
• invasive non-native
Annual grass 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Buddleja davidii Butterfly bush, Summer lilac
• invasive non-native
Tree, Shrub 
© 2021 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2021 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2021 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Cakile maritima European searocket, Sea rocket
• invasive non-native
Annual herb 
© 2019 Diane Etchison 
© 2021 R.A. Chasey 
© 2019 Diane Etchison |
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Calendula arvensis Field marigold
non-native
Annual herb 
© 2025 Mike Russler 
© 2018 David Wolfson 
© 2025 Mike Russler |
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Carduus acanthoides Plumeless thistle, Spiny plumeless thistle
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2016 Catherine Talbot 
© 2016 Catherine Talbot 
© 2015 Catherine Talbot |
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Carex pendula Hanging sedge
• invasive non-native
Perennial grasslike herb 
© 2015 Andrea Williams 
© 2022 Mitchell Blake 
© 2021 R.A. Chasey |
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Carpobrotus chilensis Sea fig
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2018 Nicole Leatherman 
© 2016 Steve Matson 
© 2021 Cynthia Powell |
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Carthamus lanatus Woolly distaff thistle
• invasive non-native
Annual herb 
© 2019 Lenihan Mazur 
© 2019 Danielle Carney 
© 2019 Danielle Carney |
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Centaurea calcitrapa Purple star thistle, Red star thistle
• invasive non-native
Annual, Perennial herb 
© 2021 R.A. Chasey 
© 2019 MCOSD EDRR 
© 2022 R.A. Chasey |
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Centaurea melitensis Maltese star thistle, Napa star thistle, Tocalote
• invasive non-native
Annual herb 
© 2019 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2020 Laura Anna Arellano |
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Centaurea solstitialis Barnaby's thistle, Yellow star thistle
• invasive non-native
Annual herb 
© 2022 Cynthia Powell 
© 2019 Arlee Montalvo 
© 2022 Mary Herr |
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Cestrum parqui Chilean jessamine
• invasive non-native
Tree 
© 2011 Michael Perlmutter 
© 2011 Michael Perlmutter 
© 2011 Michael Perlmutter |
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Cirsium arvense Canada thistle
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2012 Michael Mitchell 
© 2012 Michael Mitchell 
© 2022 Donald Burk |
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Clematis vitalba Old man's beard, Traveller's joy
• invasive non-native
Vine 
© 2015 ken moore 
© 2019 Cynthia Powell 
© 2015 Ellen Uhler |
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Conicosia pugioniformis False ice plant, Narrow leaved iceplant
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2022 Mike Russler 
© 2022 Mike Russler 
© 2022 Mike Russler |
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Cortaderia selloana Uruguayan pampas grass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2023 Cynthia Powell 
© 2023 Randall English 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2022 Emily R. Allen 
© 2021 Isaac Kreger 
© 2021 Sherry Adams |
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Cynara cardunculus Artichoke thistle, Cardoon
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2021 R.A. Chasey 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Cynodon dactylon Bermuda grass, Bermudagrass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2021 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2021 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Cytisus scoparius Scotch broom, Scotchbroom
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2016 Steve Matson 
© 2016 Steve Matson 
© 2016 Steve Matson |
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Cytisus striatus Portuguese broom, Striated broom
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2019 Andy Jones 
© 2021 Cynthia Powell 
© 2021 Cynthia Powell |
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Dactylis glomerata Orchard grass, Orchardgrass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2003 Steve Matson 
© 2003 Steve Matson 
© 2003 Steve Matson |
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Datura stramonium Jimson weed, Jimsonweed
non-native
Annual herb 
© 2011 Steve Matson 
© 2011 Steve Matson 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Delairea odorata Cape ivy
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2019 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2019 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2019 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Digitalis purpurea Purple foxglove
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2016 Steve Matson 
© 2016 Steve Matson 
© 2016 Steve Matson |
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Dipsacus fullonum Fuller's teasel, Fullers' teasel, Wild teasel
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2022 Morgan Stickrod 
© 2018 Alex Spencer 
© 2021 Amber Bedgood |
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Dittrichia graveolens Stinkwort
• invasive non-native
Annual herb 
© 2017 Bob Huttar 
© 2019 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2019 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Drosanthemum floribundum Ice plant, Rosy ice plant, Showy dewflower
non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2019 Michelle Karle 
© 2019 David Wolfson 
© 2015 Tori Bohlen |
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Echium plantagineum Salvation echium, Salvation jane, Viper's bugloss
• invasive non-native
Annual, Perennial herb 
© 2020 John Rawlings 
© 2019 Ken Hickman 
© 2011 Daniel Gluesenkamp |
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Ehrharta calycina Perennial veldt grass, Perennial veldtgrass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2020 David Greenberger 
© 2019 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2018 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Eichhornia crassipes Common water hyacinth
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2018 Rachelle Gray 
© 2020 HARDEEP BAINS |
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Eucalyptus globulus Blue gum, Tasmanian bluegum
• invasive non-native
Tree 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Euphorbia oblongata Eggleaf spurge
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2019 Michael Sturtevant 
© 2019 Randy Huey 
© 2017 Gary McDonald |
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Fallopia japonica Japanese knotweed
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2021 Margot Cunningham 
© 2024 Jacob Martin 
© 2019 John Malpas |
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Festuca arundinacea Alta fescue, Reed fescue, Tall fescue
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2022 Cynthia Powell 
© 2020 Robert Steers 
© 2017 MCOSD EDRR |
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Fuchsia magellanica Hardy fuchsia
non-native
Shrub 
© 2022 Erin Jackson 
© 2024 Donald Burk 
© 2024 Donald Burk |
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Geranium purpureum little Robin
• invasive non-native
Annual, Biennial herb 
© 2020 Jennifer Mo 
© 2023 Al Keuter 
© 2019 Cynthia Powell |
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Geranium robertianum herb Robert
• invasive non-native
Annual herb 
© 2016 Steve Matson 
© 2016 Steve Matson 
© 2016 Steve Matson |
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Glyceria declinata Waxy mannagrass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2021 David popp 
© 2024 John Rawlings 
© 2022 David popp |
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Hedera canariensis Canary ivy, Algerian ivy
• invasive non-native
Vine 
© 2018 Sara Witt 
© 2018 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2016 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Hedera helix English ivy
• invasive non-native
Vine, Shrub 
© 2019 Claire Mallen 
© 2019 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2022 Catherine Talbot |
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Helichrysum petiolare Licorice plant
• invasive non-native
Shrub, Vine 
© 2021 Elliot Gunnison 
© 2022 Mike Russler 
© 2022 Mike Russler |
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Hypericum canariense Canary island st. johnswort
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2024 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2024 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2015 Leah Bedoian |
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Hypericum grandifolium malfurada
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2019 Jill Adams 
© 2018 Steven Cognac 
© 2019 David Greenberger |
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Hypericum perforatum Common st. johnswort, Klamath weed, Klamathweed
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2020 Bob Sweatt 
© 2018 stephen rosenthal 
© 2020 Bob Sweatt |
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Ilex aquifolium English holly, Holly
• invasive non-native
Tree, Shrub 
© 2021 Cynthia Powell 
© 2021 Donald Burk 
© 2019 Tatiana Manzanillo |
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Iris pseudacorus Horticultural iris, Paleyellow iris, Yellowflag iris
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2024 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2017 Nick Graver |
|
Lamiastrum galeobdolon Yellow archangel
non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2021 Donald Burk 
© 2016 Ramona Robison 
© 2022 Katherine Stratton |
|
Lepidium latifolium Broad leaved pepper grass, Broadleaved pepperweed, Perennial pepperweed
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2022 Donald Burk 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2020 Joel A. Germond, Psy.D. |
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Leptospermum laevigatum Australian tea tree
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2018 Emma Havstad 
© 2018 Michael Chasse 
© 2019 Patrick Furtado |
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Leucanthemum vulgare Oxe eye daisy, Oxeye daisy
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb  © Don Loarie 
© 2019 Julian Geoghegan 
© 2017 James Gonsman |
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Ligustrum lucidum Glossy privet
• invasive non-native
Tree, Shrub 
© 2021 Alex Nikolaou 
© 2021 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2017 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Limonium ramosissimum Algerian sealavender
non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2017 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2015 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2018 Ron Vanderhoff L. durusculum LEFT. L. ramosissimum RIGHT. |
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Ludwigia hexapetala Ludwigia, Six petal water primrose
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2009 Keith Gagomiros 
© 2021 Charles Russell 
© 2019 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Ludwigia peploides ssp. montevidensis Floating primrose willow, Floating water primrose
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2021 Mike Russler 
© 2021 Mike Russler 
© 2021 Mike Russler |
|
Maytenus boaria Mayten
• invasive non-native
Tree, Shrub 
© 2021 Julian Geoghegan 
© 2021 Julian Geoghegan 
© 2022 Jacob Martin |
|
Mentha pulegium Pennyroyal
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2023 R.A. Chasey 
© 2022 R.A. Chasey 
© 2015 Chris Jaster |
|
Mercurialis annua Annual mercury
non-native
Annual herb 
© 2022 Ramona Robison 
© 2015 Julia King 
© 2022 Ramona Robison |
|
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum Common iceplant, Crystalline ice plant
• invasive non-native
Annual herb 
© 2019 Naomi Goegan 
© 2019 Nathan Taxel 
© 2022 David Strauch |
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Myriophyllum aquaticum Parrot feather watermilfoil, Parrot's feather, Parrotfeather
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb (aquatic) 
© 2019 Patrick Furtado 
© 2016 Ross Hinderer 
© 2019 David popp |
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Myriophyllum spicatum American milfoil, Eurasian milfoil, Spike watermilfoil
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff |
|
Nicotiana glauca Tree tobacco
• invasive non-native
Tree, Shrub 
© 2017 Steve Matson 
© 2017 Steve Matson 
© 2017 Steve Matson |
|
Oxalis pes-caprae Bermuda buttercup, Sourgrass
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2019 Gary McDonald 
© 2017 Angelique Herman 
© 2015 Richard Chasey |
|
Pennisetum clandestinum Kikuyu grass, Kikuyugrass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2017 Josh Nuzzo |
|
Phalaris arundinacea Reed canarygrass
native
Perennial grass 
© 2024 John Rawlings 
© 2020 Donald Burk 
© 2022 Dianne Lake |
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Phalaris elongata Kolea grass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2018 Steven Cognac 
© 2018 Sarah Inman 
© 2018 Steven Cognac |
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Phoenix canariensis Canary island date palm
• invasive non-native
Tree 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2021 James Bailey |
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Pittosporum crassifolium Stiffleaf cheesewood, Thick leaf box, Thick leaved pittosporum
non-native
Tree, Shrub 
© 2017 Nick Graver 
© 2022 Lisa Schomaker 
© 2017 Gregory Arena |
|
Pyracantha angustifolia Narrowleaf firethorn
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2018 Abbot Chambers 
© 2019 Abbot Chambers 
© 2018 Chris Qian |
|
Rhamnus alaternus Italian buckthorn
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2023 Jennifer Mo 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Robinia pseudoacacia Black locust
• invasive non-native
Tree 
© 2021 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2021 David Wolfson 
© 2015 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Roldana petasitis Velvet groundsel
non-native
Shrub 
© 2014 Rolf T Borlinghaus 
© 2014 Rolf T Borlinghaus 
© 2014 Rolf T Borlinghaus |
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Romulea rosea var. australis Rosy sand crocus, Rosy sandcrocus
non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2019 Janice Kuch 
© 2024 R.A. Chasey 
© 2022 Leah Lord |
|
Rosa rubiginosa Sweet brier
non-native
Shrub 
© 2020 MCOSD EDRR 
© 2020 Jacob Martin 
© 2023 Robert Steers |
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Rubus armeniacus Himalayan blackberry, black berry, Armenian blackberry
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2014 James Gonsman 
© 2018 Richard Spjut 
© 2013 Michael Mitchell |
|
Rytidosperma caespitosum Tufted wallaby grass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2022 Diana Wahl 
© 2019 Stephany Dery 
© 2016 Ron Vanderhoff |
|
Rytidosperma penicillatum Purple awned wallaby grass , Hairy oat grass, Poverty grass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2019 Eric Wrubel 
© 2024 Laura Booth 
© 2018 Sarah Inman |
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Salsola soda Alkali russian thistle, Oppositeleaf russian thistle
• invasive non-native
Annual herb 
© 2024 R.A. Chasey 
© 2022 Cynthia Powell 
© 2022 Cynthia Powell |
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Scabiosa atropurpurea Pincushion flower, Pincushion plant, Pincushions
• invasive non-native
Annual herb 
© 2021 Ken Lunders 
© 2021 Mike Russler 
© 2021 Ken Lunders |
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Solanum aviculare New Zealand nightshade
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2018 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2017 Nick Graver 
© 2018 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Sorghum halepense Johnsongrass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass  © 2014 Robert F Norris 
© 2019 Jennifer Mo 
© 2020 Julie A. Kierstead |
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Sparaxis tricolor Harlequin flower, Wandflower
non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2018 Rachel Way 
© 2022 Tatiana Manzanillo 
© 2021 Jessica Cornelius |
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Spartina alterniflora Salt water cord grass, Smooth cordgrass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2014 Vertin Alvarez 
© 2014 Vertin Alvarez  © 2009 Zoya Akulova |
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Spartium junceum Gorse, Spanish broom
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2021 Mary Herr 
© 2020 Julie A. Kierstead |
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Stipa chaetophora Stipoid ricegrass
non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2017 Nick Graver 
© 2017 Rachel Kesel 
© 2017 Rachel Kesel |
|
Stipa manicata Andean tussockgrass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2015 Sarah Minnick 
© 2018 Eric Wrubel 
© 2023 Rachel Suding |
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Stipa miliacea Smilo grass
non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2021 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2020 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff |
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Stipa purpurata Bristly needle grass
non-native
Perennial grass 
© 2017 Nick Graver 
© 2024 Eric Goldbeck-Dimon 
© 2020 Henry Inman |
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Nassella tenuissima Mexican feathergrass
• invasive non-native
Perennial grass  © 2015 Neal Kramer  © 2015 Neal Kramer  © 2016 Barbara Boethling |
|
Tradescantia fluminensis Small leaf spiderwort
non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2018 Amy Rapport 
© 2016 David Greenberger 
© 2019 David Greenberger |
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Trifolium angustifolium Narrow leaved clover, Narrowleaf crimson clover
non-native
Annual herb 
© 2019 Gary McDonald 
© 2021 Mary Gerbic 
© 2022 SMCP NRM Intern |
|
Ulex europaeus Common gorse
• invasive non-native
Shrub 
© 2025 Cynthia Powell 
© 2025 Cynthia Powell 
© 2025 Cynthia Powell |
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Vinca major Greater periwinkle, Bigleaf periwinkle
• invasive non-native
Perennial herb 
© 2020 Julia Markey 
© 2022 Ron Vanderhoff 
© 2021 Ron Vanderhoff |
