[Wikipedia] Rarity, Habitat, Range, Pollinators, Conservation: Lilium occidentale is a rare North American species of lily known by the common name western lily. Its species name 'Occidentale' means 'westernmost' and refers to its location along the West Coast. It is native to northwestern California and southwestern Oregon.[1][2][3] It grows in coastal prairie habitat, swamps and stagnant bogs with Drosera species, bluffs and sandy cliffs, and seaside spruce forests. This rare wildflower is limited in distribution and directly endangered by a number of environmental factors. It is a federally listed endangered species and it is listed as endangered by the states of California and Oregon. It is found growing along a narrow 200 mile stretch of coast between Southern Oregon and Northern California usually within sight of the ocean. Its furthest northern distribution is Florence, Oregon to as far south as Eureka, California. The flower is pollinated chiefly by hummingbirds, including Allen's hummingbird (Selasphorus sasin).[4] Lilium occidentale produces more nectar than any other American lily, which is not surprising given that hummingbirds are the primary pollinator. Conservation Threats to this species have included grazing and trampling by livestock, development and ranching, cranberry farming, genetic drift, vehicles and road maintenance, and horticultural collecting of the bulbs and flowers. New sprouts and shoots dry out quickly and are easily crushed. The invasion of trees into the plant's habitat, either by natural succession or deliberate planting and fire suppression, can alter the hydrology and soil structure enough to eliminate it.[1] When the plant was listed as an endangered species in 1994, there were 2000 to 3000 individuals remaining.[5] (contributed by Mary Ann Machi)