Once a calrecnum is assigned to a taxon, it will never be re-assigned to a different taxon. If the scientific name of a plant changes, however, the record for the old name may be classified inactive.

Full name of taxon, concatenated from the separate name component fields:
"genus species author1 rank ssp_var author2"
Usage and spelling generally follows the Jepson eFlora. Differs from field taxon in that it includes author citation.

Please see Categories for a full explanation.
This field is designed to facilitate sorting of records in a phylogenetic order.

This tag is intended to facilitate species counts--including both a child and its parent results in an over-count of taxa.

Each taxon is classed as t (true) for Native, or f (false) for Non-Native (Introduced).

Fern

Annual herb

Perennial herb

Biennial herb

Tree

Shrub

Vine

aquatic

biennial

bulb

carnivorous

hemiparasitic

mosslike

rhizomatous

parasitic

mycoparasitic (previously "saprophitic")

stem succulent

Transcribed from Lum/Walker codes except that occurrences of 'not specified' were replaced with an interpretation of description in Munz or the Jepson Manual. For taxa included in the CNPS Inventory (1994), this field contains the lifeform descriptor used in that database (some infrequently-used adjectives have been dropped). For taxa not included in either Lum/Walker or the CNPS Inventory, this field contains transcriptions of data from the USDA PLANTS database. All Pteridophytes are classified as lifeform 'Fern'. All Ericaceae (Monotropoideae) previously marked 'saprophytic' reclassified as 'mycoparasitic' per communication with Garry Wallace (Wallace 1975).

CA Endemic
CA+	extends only slightly beyond CA borders
wNAm	beyond CA but confined to w. North America
NAm/WW	native here but range extends beyond N.Am.
Introd.	introduced

BA	Baja California
GU	Isla Guadalupe, BA
SA	South America
SO	Sonora, Mexico

List of two-digit codes each preceded by a 'm', no spaces (e.g. 'm13m27m29') Codes m01-m29 correspond to numbers used in Munz68 plant communities list (see Munz68 pp12-18 for descriptions)

m01	Coastal Strand
m02	Coastal Salt Marsh
m03	Freshwater Marsh (note: expanded to include all freshwater wetlands)
m04	Northern Coastal Scrub
m05	Coastal Sage Scrub
m06	Sagebrush Scrub
m07	Shadscale Scrub
m08	Creosote Bush Scrub
m09	Alkali Sink
m10	North Coastal Coniferous Forest
m11	Closed-cone Pine Forest
m12	Redwood Forest
m13	Douglas-Fir Forest
m14	Yellow Pine Forest
m15	Red Fir Forest
m16	Lodgepole Forest
m17	Subalpine Forest
m18	Bristle-cone Pine Forest
m19	Mixed Evergreen Forest
m20	Northern Oak Woodland
m21	Southern Oak Woodland
m22	Foothill Woodland
m23	Chaparral
m24	Coastal Prairie
m25	Valley Grassland
m26	Alpine Fell-fields
m27	Northern Juniper Woodland
m28	Pinyon-Juniper Woodland
m29	Joshua Tree Woodland

m30	weed, species characteristic of disturbed places,
m31	agricultural weed,
m40	escaped cultivar,
m41	introduced plant which is becoming naturalized,
m42	agricultural plant,
m50	many plant communities,
m80	community not given, species associated with a peculiar habitat.

m45	wetland-riparian

alluvial-fans
bogs/fens
brackish-marsh
canyons
cliffs
coastal
disturbed
dunes
edges
freshwater-marsh
lake-margin
lakes
marsh
meadows
openings
ridges
riparian
salt-marsh
seeps
slopes
streambanks
washes

Last updated in Calflora: October 2000 with classifications as of September 2000 (CDFA Weeds 2000).

Possible values:

A	"An organism of know economic importance subject to state (or commissioner when acting as a state agent) enforced action involving: eradication, quarantine, containment, rejection, or other holding action."
B	"An organism of known economic importance subject to: eradication, containment, control or other holding action at the discretion of the individual county agricultural commissioner." OR "An organism of know economic importance subject to state endorsed holding action and eradication only when found in a nursery."
C	"An organism subject to no state enforced action outside of nurseries except to retard spread. At the discretion of the commissioner." OR "An organism subject to no state enforced action except to provide for pest cleanliness in nurseries."
D	"No action. (Parasites, predators, and organisms of little or no economic importance)."
Q	"An organism or disorder requiring temporary "A" action pending determination of a permanent rating. The organism is suspected to be of economic importance but its status is uncertain because of incomplete identification or inadequate information. In the case of an established infestation, at the discretion of the Assistant Director for Plant Industry, the Department will conduct surveys and will convene the Division Pest Study Team to determine a permanent rating."

Last updated in Calflora: October 26, 2000 with ratings as of September 8, 2000 (USDA 2000)

Values:

not listed
y

Note that indicator categories do not refer to degrees of wetness. Some obligate wetland species occur in wetlands which are only temporarily or seasonally flooded.

Indicator categories:

OBL	Obligate Wetland	Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW	Facultative Wetland	Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non wetlands.
FAC	Facultative	Equally likely to occur in wetlands and non wetlands.
FACU	Facultative Upland	Usually occurs in non wetlands, but occasionally found on wetlands.
UPL	Obligate Upland	Occurs almost always under natural conditions in non wetlands in the region. (Note that if a species does not occur in wetlands in any region, it is not on the National List.)

• the Arid West, including most of the state; and

• Western Mountains, Valleys and Coast, including the Sierras and the northwest part of the state (MLRAs 22A, 22B, 05, and 04B -- map coming).

1	native, rare
2	native, not rare
3	native, invasive
4	non-native
5	non-native, invasive

The numbers, on a scale from 1.0 to 6.0, are interpreted as follows:

	≥ 5.5	strict endemic	170 taxa with 95% of their occurrences on ultramafics
< 5.5	≥ 4.5	broad endemic	85 taxa with 85-94% of their occurrences on ultramafics
< 4.5	≥ 3.5	transition from broad endemic to strong indicator	75 taxa with 75-84% of their occurrences on ultramafics
< 3.5	≥ 2.5	strong indicator	121 taxa with 65-74% of their occurrences on ultramafics
< 2.5	≥ 1.5	weak indicator	149 taxa with 55-64% of their occurrences on ultramafics
< 1.5	≥ 1.0	weak indicator / indifferent	79 taxa with 50-54% of their occurrences on ultramafics

For example, the record for the currently accepted taxon Frangula californica contains the previously accepted taxon Rhamnus californica as the value of this field.

Data for bloom period comes from the CNPS Inventory, USDA PLANTS, various documents prepared by NRCS California, CalPhotos, and the Jepson eFlora. For weeds, Joe DiTomaso's Weeds of California was also consulted. Calflora observation records (where the contributor has indicated that the plant was flowering) are also consulted periodically as this data is maintained.

Of these sources, CalPhotos is the most interesting, because when a blooming plant is well covered by multiple photographers on CalPhotos, it is possible to induce the bloom period by looking at the dates of many photos. In this way, CalPhotos can often serve as a reality check for data from other sources.

Caveats. There are some caveats about the use of this bloom period data. First, the bloom period as stated tends to bracket the actual bloom period for a plant at a particular location during a particular year. The data is for the whole state, and some plants with a wide geographic range exhibit significant differences in bloom period location-by-location and year-by-year. Second, the bloom period for some California native plants is not yet well documented, so that what Calflora shows may be taken as a first hypothesis. You can help us to correct any errors. If you see a bloom period for a plant on Calflora that is too short, here is what to do:

• Register as a contributor
• Take a photo of the plant in bloom during the missing month (for instance, if the bloom period is stated as March - May, and you know it blooms in June, wait until June, and then take a photo of it).
• Enter an observation with Plant Observation Entry and add your photo (or a link to your photo) to the record. Be sure to set the value of Phenology to Flowering.

 
In the Jepson Manual Second Edition, 45 plants (listed below) are shown as having both a spring and a fall bloom period each year. Calflora only shows the first bloom period for these plants.

Adenophyllum cooperi	Apr--Jun, Sep--Nov
Adenophyllum porophylloides	Mar--Jun, Oct--Dec
Ageratina herbacea	May--Jun, Oct--Nov
Bahiopsis parishii	Feb--Jun, Sep--Oct
Bahiopsis reticulata	Feb--Jun, Sep--Oct
Baileya multiradiata	Apr--Jul, Oct
Baileya pauciradiata	Dec--Jun, Oct
Baileya pleniradiata	Mar--Jun, Oct--Nov
Brickellia frutescens	Mar--Jun, Oct--Nov
Dieteria asteroides var. asteroides	Mar--Jun, Sep--Oct
Encelia farinosa	Jan--Jun, Aug--Sep
Encelia farinosa	Jan--Jun, Aug--Sep
Encelia virginensis	Mar--Jun, Dec
Ericameria pinifolia	Apr--Jul, Sep--Jan
Geraea canescens	Jan--May, Sep--Nov
Helianthus niveus subsp. tephrodes	Mar--May, Oct--Jan
Heterotheca villosa var. scabra	Apr--May, Oct--Nov
Hymenopappus filifolius var. eriopodus	May--Jun, Oct
Perityle emoryi	Jan--Jun, Oct--Nov
Psilostrophe cooperi	Mar--Jul, Oct--Jan
Senecio flaccidus var. monoensis	Apr--Jun, Sep--Nov
Thymophylla pentachaeta var. belenidium	(Mar)Apr--Jun, Sep--Oct
Trichoptilium incisum	Jan--May, Oct--Dec
Trixis californica var. californica	Jan--May, Jul--Aug
Xanthisma spinulosum var. gooddingii	Feb--May, Sep--Oct
Xylorhiza tortifolia var. tortifolia	Mar--Jun, Oct
Pholisma arenarium	Apr--Jul, Oct
Bernardia incana	Apr--May, Oct--Nov
Chamaesyce micromera	Apr--Jun, Sep--Dec
Calliandra eriophylla	Feb--Apr, after Sep--Oct rain
Petalonyx thurberi subsp. gilmanii	May--Jun, Sep--Nov
Horsfordia newberryi	Mar--Apr, Nov--Dec
Malacothamnus densiflorus	May--Jul, Sep--Oct
Malacothamnus orbiculatus	May--Jul, Oct--Nov
Oxalis bowiei	Apr--Jun, Oct--Dec
Ranunculus sceleratus var. sceleratus	Apr--Jun, Oct
Galium wrightii	May--Jun, Aug--Sep
Fagonia laevis	Mar--May, Nov--Jan
Fagonia pachyacantha	Mar--May, Nov--Jan
Tridens muticus var. muticus	Apr--May, Oct--Nov

Alsop and Karlik, Poisonous Plants (UCANR 2016)

the California Poison Control System list of toxic plants

Toxicity is presented in three broad classes. The dangerous parts of the plant (leaf, stem, root, fruit, or seed) are indicated for each plant.

1. Plants with parts that are poisonous to ingest. These are labelled Do not eat.

2. Plants with parts that definitely cause a severe skin irritation when touched.

3. Plants with parts that may cause skin irritation when touched.

Note that most lists of toxic plants (including this one) are not complete. Because the sensitivity to toxins varies widely between individuals, any plant might cause an unexpected reaction in certain individuals.