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Mirabilis jalapa  L.
Four o'clock,   Marvel of peru,   Wishbone bush
© 2020 Diane Etchison
© 2020 Diane Etchison
© 2020 Nathan Taxel
© 2019 Zaid rocha
© 2022 Rosalind Helfand
© 2020 Diane Etchison
© 2023 Ron Vanderhoff
© 2020 Nathan Taxel
© 2012 Naomi Goegan
© 2021 Ron Vanderhoff
© 2009 Ron Vanderhoff
© 1981 Gerald Carr
© 1981 Gerald Carr
Mirabilis jalapa is a perennial herb that is not native to California.
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DJJJASONAFMM

Bloom Period
Subspecies and Varieties:
Genus: Mirabilis
Family: Nyctaginaceae  
Category: angiosperm  
PLANTS group:Dicot
Jepson eFlora section: eudicot

Toxicity: Do not eat the seed of this plant.

Wetlands: Occurs in non wetlands

Communities: escaped cultivar

Name Status:
Accepted by PLANTS + POWO

Alternate Names:
PLANTSMirabilis jalapa ssp. lindheimeri
PLANTSMirabilis lindheimeri
Information about  Mirabilis jalapa from other sources
USDA PLANTS Profile (MIJA)

Photos on Calflora

Photos on CalPhotos

Google Images

Photos on iNaturalist

[Wikipedia] Description: Description A curious aspect of M. jalapa is that flowers with different colors grow simultaneously on the same plant. Additionally, an individual flower can be splashed with different colors. Flower patterns are referred to as sectors (whole sections of flower), flakes (stripes of varying length), and spots. A single flower can be plain yellow, red, magenta, pink, or white, or have a combination of sectors, flakes, and spots.[6][7][8][9][10] Furthermore, different combinations of flowers and patterns can occur on different flowers of the same plant.[11] Another interesting point is a color-changing phenomenon. For example, in the yellow variety, as the plant matures, it can display flowers that gradually change to a dark pink colour. Similarly, white flowers can change to light violet. Despite their appearance, the flowers are not formed from petals – rather they are a pigmented modification of the calyx. Similarly, the 'calyx' is an involucre of bracts. The flowers are funnel-shaped and pentalobed, they have no cup (replaced by bracteal leaves) but are made of a corolla.[12] (link added by Mary Ann Machi)

[Wikipedia] Distribution, Habitat, Native to North, Central, South America: Distribution and habitat Mirabilis jalapa is native to the dry tropical regions of North, Central and South America: Mexico, Guatemala, Chile and Peru. This plant has been introduced for ornamental purposes and has become naturalized throughout tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of the world. It is currently present in many countries in Asia, Africa, United States, Middle East and Europe. In Réunion, Mirabilis jalapa was initially an ornamental species; however it became naturalized on the west coast, between 400 and 700 m altitude, and on the south coast between 0 and 700 m. It occurs in a ruderal debris area, and is relatively common in weedy sugarcane fields on the west and south coasts. Its high seed production and rapid growth allow it to cover up to 30% to 50% in cane plots. In cooler subtropical and temperate regions, it will die back with the first frosts or as the weather starts to cool down (especially after it fully matures and finished self - seeding), regrowing in the following spring from the tuberous roots. (link added by Mary Ann Machi)


Suggested Citation
Calflora: Information on California plants for education, research and conservation, with data contributed by public and private institutions and individuals. [web application]. 2025. The Calflora Database [a non-profit organization]. Available: https://www.calflora.org/   (Accessed: 03/28/2025).